2013
Li D, Qiu Z, Shao Y, et al. Heritable gene targeting in the mouse and rat using a CRISPR-Cas system.[J]. Nature Biotechnology, 2013, 31(8): 681-683.
CRISPR-Cas systems have been developed as an efficient gene editing technology in cells and model organisms. Here we use a CRISPR-Cas system to induce genomic DNA fragment deletion in mice by co-injecting two single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) targeting the Uhrf2 locus with Cas9 mRNA. Furthermore, we report the generation of a Mc3R and Mc4R double-gene knockout rat by means of a single microinjection. High germline-transmission efficiency was observed in both mice and rats.
2013
Qiu Z, Liu M, Chen Z, et al. High-efficiency and heritable gene targeting in mouse by transcription activator-like effector nucleases[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 2013, 41(11).
Transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) are a powerful new approach for targeted gene disruption in various animal models, but little is known about their activities in Mus musculus, the widely used mammalian model organism. Here, we report that direct injection of in vitro transcribed messenger RNA of TALEN pairs into mouse zygotes induced somatic mutations, which were stably passed to the next generation through germ-line transmission. With one TALEN pair constructed for each of 10 target genes, mutant F0 mice for each gene were obtained with the mutation rate ranged from 13 to 67% and an average of ～40% of total healthy newborns with no significant differences between C57BL/6 and FVB/N genetic background. One TALEN pair with single mismatch to their intended target sequence in each side failed to yield any mutation. Furthermore, highly efficient germ-line transmission was obtained, as all the F0 founders tested transmitted the mutations to F1 mice. In addition, we also observed that one bi-allele mutant founder of Lepr gene, encoding Leptin receptor, had similar diabetic phenotype as db/db mouse. Together, our results suggest that TALENs are an effective genetic tool for rapid gene disruption with high efficiency and heritability in mouse with distinct genetic background.
